Guide to the Bale Grist Mill State Historic Park Photographic Collection
California State Parks Photographic Archives interns and Sam Skow
California State Parks Photographic Archives
© 2016
4940 Lang Avenue, Dock H
McClellan, CA 95652
Phone: (916) 263-0997
Fax: (916) 263-1007
URL: http://www.parks.ca.gov/
California State Parks. All rights reserved.
Guide to the Bale Grist Mill State Historic Park Photographic Collection
Collection number: Consult repository
California State Parks Photographic ArchivesMcClellan, California 95652
- Processed by:
- California State Parks Photographic Archives interns and Sam Skow
- Date Completed:
- 2016
- Encoded by:
- Sam Skow
© 2016 California State Parks. All rights reserved.
Title: Bale Grist Mill State Historic Park Photographic Collection
Dates: 1800-2011
Bulk Dates: 1965-1966, 1978-1981, 1989, 2000, 2009-2011
Collection number: Consult repository
Creator:
California State Parks
Collector:
California State Parks
Collection Size:
564 images
Repository:
Photographic Archives.
California State Parks
California State Parks
McClellan, CA 92262
Abstract: The Bale Grist Mill State Historic Park Photographic Collection contains 564 cataloged images that date from 1800 through
2011. Images depict the property as a functioning mill and a state park.
Physical location: For current information on the physical location of these materials, please consult the Guide to the California State Parks
Photographic Archives, available online.
Languages:
Languages represented in the collection:
English
Collection is open for research by appointment.
Property rights reside with the repository. Copyrights are retained by the creators of the records. For permission to reproduce
or to publish, please contact the Head Curator of the California State Parks Photographic Archives.
[Identification of item including photographer and date when available], Bale Grist Mill State Historic Park Photographic
Collection, [Catalog number], California State Parks Photographic Archives, McClellan, California
Images donated by private parties, generated by California State Parks, and transferred from Bale Grist Mill State Historic
Park at various times.
Further accruals are expected.
Bale Grist Mill State Historic Park contains less than one acre of historical resources. Located in northwestern Napa County,
the park is bordered to the east by California State Highway 29 and to the south by Mill Creek; it is roughly four miles north
of the city of St. Helena. The park is accessible by car via California State Highway 29 and by foot via the Bothe-Napa Valley
State Park History Trail.
Bale Grist Mill State Historic Park derives its name from the English-born pioneer Dr. Edward Turner Bale, who acquired the
present-day park as part of a Mexican land grant in 1843. But human presence in the area dates back to approximately 6000
BCE. The Koliholmanok tribe called the upper Napa Valley
Mutistul and used the area’s resources to make obsidian tools in addition to baskets and other ceremonial items.
Europeans first encountered the area in 1823, when Spanish overland explorers traveled north from San Francisco Bay to build
what ultimately became the Sonoma Mission. Impressed by their bravery and good looks, the Spanish referred to the Koliholmanok
as
guapo, a name which eventually became Anglicized to “Wappo,” as they are known today.
Under Mexican rule, officials transferred large tracts of land throughout California to private ownership. Arriving in Monterey
in 1834, within a decade, English surgeon Edward Bale became a Mexican citizen, married General Mariano Vallejo’s niece—Dona
Maria Ygnacia Soberanes—and received Rancho Carne Humana, which included the area where the park sits today. In 1845, Bale
sold a portion of his property to construct the water-powered flour and grist mill, which stands there at present. Later that
year, he offered Florentine E. Kellogg 600 acres in exchange for performing iron work on the mill. For the next half century,
Bale’s grist mill ground grain for settlers in the upper Napa Valley as they cultivated the region. In 1849, along with scores
of other fortune-seekers, Bale set out for the gold fields. He soon contracted fever and died, leaving his wife with six children,
debts, and his estate.
Dr. Bale’s daughter Isadora inherited the mill and the surrounding acreage and sold it around the time of her marriage to
Louis Bruck. Ownership changed hands a few times until 1871, when Reverend Theodore B. Lyman, rector of the Trinity Episcopal
Church in San Francisco, purchased the mill with 30 adjacent acres and entrusted its operation to his son W.W. Lyman, Sr.
In 1879, Lyman replaced the original water wheel, used since 1845, with a water-run turbine engine. The mill’s final commercial
use occurred around 1905, and it stopped running altogether in 1910.
When W.W. Lyman died in 1921, Bismark Bruck, Isadora’s son, persuaded Lyman’s widow to deed the mill to the Napa County Parlor
of the Native Sons of the Golden West as a public monument. The mill was dedicated in 1925, registered as a California State
Historical Landmark in 1939, deeded to Napa County in 1941, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972, and
finally conveyed to the State of California in 1974 via Assembly Bill 1431. That same year, the State Park and Recreation
Commission named and classified the park unit.
California State Parks, coordinating with the Napa County Regional Park and Open Space District, maintains historical resources
at Bale Grist Mill State Historic Park. Visitors are welcome to explore the historic, non-operational mill and granary, restored
to their period of significance, 1845-1879, when the mill was first built until the water-turbine was added. Visitors may
also access adjacent Bothe-Napa State Park via the History Trail. The park is day-use only.
Scope and Content of Collection
The Bale Grist Mill State Historic Park Photographic Collection spans the years 1800-2011, with the bulk of the collection
covering the years 1965-1966, 1978-1981, 1989, 2000, and 2009-2011. There is a total of 564 cataloged images including 476
photographic prints, scans, and negatives, 47 35mm slides, and 41 born-digital images. Photographs originated primarily from
California State Parks staff.
The collection mainly depicts the park unit’s historic properties—the mill, water wheel, and granary—from various vantages
over a number of years, the oldest dating back to 1865. Imagery includes numerous exterior and a few aerial views which feature
neighboring vegetation, ivy growth, visitors, and park personnel as well as several views from the buildings’ interiors which
include the grinding wheel, mill stones, grinding stones, flour sifter, gears, interpretive displays, commemorative plaques,
and miscellaneous park signage.
The collection also documents important twentieth-century events at the historic mill. Events include the Native Sons of the
Golden West’s dedication ceremony in the 1920s, Napa County’s deeding ceremony in the 1940s, and historic restoration projects
from 1966 and 1979-1981.
The collection also includes historic portraits of important people in the property’s lifespan. Individuals include: Dr. Edward
T. Bale, the mill’s founder and namesake; his wife, Maria Soberanes Bale; their daughters Isadora Bale Bruck and Carolina
Bale Krug; their daughters’ respective husbands, Louis Bruck and Charles Krug; the Bales’ son, Edward Bale, Jr., his wife,
Francisca Juarez Bale, and her prominent father, Cayetano Juarez; and craftspeople and employees, Leonard G. Lillie, Louis
Haggin, Joseph Mecklenberg, Jehu Scott, and John Enos York. Also included are a few letters from Dr. E. T. Bale to his colleagues
regarding mill business.
The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in
the library's online public access catalog.
Bale, Edward Turner, 1810-1849
California. Department of Parks and Recreation
Cultural resources
Gristmills
Napa County (Calif.)
Native Sons of the Golden West
Wappo Indians
Related Material at California State Parks
Bale Grist Mill State Historic Park Collection
Related Material at Other Repositories
Bale Family Papers, UC Berkeley: Bancroft Library