Register of the Alfreds Bilmanis Papers
David Jacobs
Hoover Institution Archives
Stanford University
Stanford, California 94305-6010
Phone: (650) 723-3563
Fax: (650) 725-3445
Email: archives@hoover.stanford.edu
© 2003
Hoover Institution Archives. All rights reserved.
Register of the Alfreds Bilmanis Papers
Hoover Institution Archives
Stanford University
Stanford, California
Contact Information
- Hoover Institution Archives
- Stanford University
- Stanford, California 94305-6010
- Phone: (650) 723-3563
- Fax: (650) 725-3445
- Email: archives@hoover.stanford.edu
- Prepared by:
- David Jacobs
- Date Completed:
- 2003
- Encoded by:
- ByteManagers using OAC finding aid conversion service specifications
© 2003 Hoover Institution Archives. All rights reserved.
Descriptive Summary
Title: Alfreds Bilmanis papers,
Date (inclusive): 1919-1968
Collection number: 45003
Creator:
Bilmanis, Alfreds, 1887-1948
Extent:
8 manuscript boxes, 2 oversize boxes, 1 oversize folder
(4.2 linear feet)
Repository:
Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace
Stanford, California 94305-6010
Abstract: Correspondence, speeches and writings, memoranda, reports, and printed matter, relating to Latvian foreign relations, conditions
in Latvia during and after World War II, and postwar Latvian refugees and émigré affairs.
Physical Location: Hoover Institution Archives
Languages:
Latvian,
and English.
Administrative Information
Access
Collection is open for research.
Publication Rights
For copyright status, please contact the Hoover Institution Archives.
Preferred Citation
[Identification of item], Alfreds Bilmanis papers, [Box no.], Hoover Institution Archives.
Acquisition Information
Acquired.
Accruals
Increments may have been received since this finding aid was prepared. Please check Stanford University's online catalog Socrates
at
http://library.stanford.edu/webcat to find the full extent of the collection.
Biographical Note
| 1887 |
Born, Riga, Latvia |
| 1910 |
Graduated
summa cum laude from Moscow University, with a degree in history
|
| 1919 |
Married Halina Salnicka in Tuczyn, Poland |
| 1920 |
Chief of Press Section, Latvian Ministry for Foreign Affairs |
| 1925 |
Received his Ph.D. in history from the University of Wilno (Vilnius) |
| 1929 |
Visited and lectured in the United States |
| 1930 |
Latvian delegate to the League of Nations |
| 1932-1935 |
Latvian Envoy Extraordinary, Moscow, USSR |
| 1935-1948 |
Latvian Envoy Extraordinary (ambassador) to the United States |
| 1942 |
Author,
Latvia and Her Baltic Neighbors, Washington, D.C.
|
| 1948 |
Died |
| 1951 |
Posthumous publication of
A History of Latvia, Princeton
|
Scope and Content Note
Acquired in 1948, with a significant increment coming to light in 2003, the Alfreds Bilmanis collection in the Hoover Institution
Archives comprises documents relating to the career of one of the most important diplomats and historians of independent Latvia.
As a scholar, Bilmanis published numerous articles and books on Latvian and Baltic history during his lifetime, but he received
wider public recognition in his capacity as a diplomat occupying important and sensitive posts at a key time in his country's
history.
Bilmanis's diplomatic career took him to Moscow in the 1930s, where he witnessed firsthand the effects of Stalinism, and then
to the United States, where he served as Latvia's envoy during the tumultuous period before, during, and after World War II.
When the Hitler-Stalin pact of 1939 assigned Latvia to a Soviet "sphere of influence," followed by the country's forcible
annexation by the USSR in 1940, Bilmanis energetically protested, defending the cause of Baltic independence in Washington
in his role as ambassador, and elsewhere, in his role of public speaker and historian.
Throughout the war, Bilmanis continued to publish articles, pamphlets, and books, all of which reflected an unwavering belief
in Latvia's right to restored independence. While the actions of Germany and the Soviet Union meant that such a prospect was
increasingly remote, Bilmanis nevertheless did achieve some tangible results as a diplomat. Latvian assets abroad were protected,
as were certain gold reserves. Perhaps more importantly, in terms of the future status of Latvia, the United States never
recognized the legality of the Soviet annexation of the Baltic States in 1940, nor did it do so when these states were re-annexed
in the wake of the defeat of Nazi Germany. During this time, Bilmanis worked closely with the Latvian envoy to Great Britain,
Kārlis Zarinš (Charles Zarine), and there are a number of letters from Zarinš in the CORRESPONDENCE series of the collection.
In keeping the cause of Baltic independence alive in the arena of public opinion, Bilmanis drew upon his skills as a writer
and historian. He was later viewed by many within the Latvian diaspora and within Latvia itself as an important spokesman
for Latvian national aspirations during a time when the country no longer existed as a legal entity. In 1968, on the twentieth
anniversary of his death, Bilmanis was honored with the publication of a
Festschrift consisting of articles written by a number of his colleagues and fellow historians.
The Bilmanis collection consists largely of correspondence and printed matter relating to Bilmanis's diplomatic activities
in the United States. The correspondence, in particular, sheds light on the common struggle waged by Estonian, Latvian, and
Lithuanian representatives as they sought to make the case for Baltic independence before the United States government and
in the arena of public opinion.
Bilmanis was an early advocate of a commonwealth system for the three Baltic States, in which each would preserve its identity
and independence within a federal structure. There are materials in the CORRESPONDENCE and SPEECHES AND WRITINGS series of
the collection regarding this concept. Bilmanis wrote many letters to the editors of prominent American newspapers, and these
are to be found in the SPEECHES AND WRITINGS series. His major historical work,
A History of Latvia, was published posthumously, and is not part of the collection. The many writings produced by Bilmanis in his capacity as
Latvian envoy to the United States are to be found in the SPEECHES AND WRITINGS part of the collection, as are reports and
aide-mémoires for which Bilmanis was the primary author.
The LATVIAN LEGATION OFFICE FILE series includes materials produced by the Latvian Legation in Washington that were written
by others or are unattributed. Some of these may have been authored by Bilmanis. The SUBJECT FILE contains copies of treaties
concluded by all three Baltic States during their "first independence" between the two world wars. There is a good deal of
information about each Baltic country in this file, as well as materials relating to the actions of Soviet and German occupying
forces in the region before and after the Second World War. There are also materials concerning the resistance movement in
Latvia conducted by the organization Latvijas Centrala Padome, whose representatives were based in Sweden, as well as information
on the activities of the underground Latvian Social Democratic Workers Party during the same period.
The PRINTED MATTER series of the collection contains a number of émigré publications, as well as examples of newspapers produced
by Latvians in displaced person camps in occupied Germany. There are also a number of publications in Lithuanian, Russian,
and English.
The Bilmanis collection complements another collection in the Hoover Institution Archives, that of Jules Feldmans, who served
as Bilmanis's successor as Latvian envoy to the United States, following Bilmanis's death in 1948. Bilmanis and Feldmans had
worked together closely during the lifetime of the former, and there is a significant correlation between the two collections.
Throughout the register, Latvian spellings are given for Latvian names. Thus, Bilmanis's first name is Alfreds, rather than
the name he used in the United States, Alfred. Where Latvian spellings differ significantly from their English counterparts,
the English version is given in parentheses.
Indexing Terms
The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in the repository's online public access catalog.
Subjects
World War, 1939-1945--Latvia.
Latvians in foreign countries.
Refugees.
World War, 1939-1945.
Latvia.
Latvia--Foreign relations--Soviet Union.
Soviet Union--Foreign relations--Latvia.
Latvia--Foreign relations--United States.
United States--Foreign relations--Latvia.
Soviet Union.
United States--Foreign relations.
Occupations
Diplomats--Latvia.
Container List
box 1
Biographical File, 1945-1968.
Scope and Content Note
Bibliography, concert program, credentials, and sheet music, arranged alphabetically by physical form
Box/Folder 1 : 1
Bibliography. Sprudzs, Adolf, "Dr. Alfred Bilmanis' Writings," in Adolf Sprudzs and Armins Rusis, eds.,
Res Baltica, Leyden, Netherlands, 1968.
Scope and Content Note
Photocopy
Box/Folder 1 : 3
Credentials. Photocopy of State Department accreditation of Bilmanis as Envoy Extraordinary, Minster Plenipotentiary, and
Consul General of Latvia, 1947.
Scope and Content Note
Also includes photocopies of three supplemental pages detailing the continued recognition by the United States of its treaties
with independent Latvia
Box/Folder 1 : 4
Sheet music. Typescript copy of the Latvian national anthem, by Kārlis Baumanis, in English, n.d.
box 1
Correspondence, 1940-1948.
Scope and Content Note
Letters, telegrams, and enclosures, largely relating to Bilmanis's diplomatic service in Washington, D.C., arranged alphabetically
by name of correspondent. Includes copies of letters sent to Bilmanis which are neither addressed to him nor written by him
Box/Folder 1 : 7
Unidentified, 1941-1947.
Scope and Content Note
Includes typescript draft of letter to Soviet ambassador(?), 1944
Box/Folder 1 : 9
American Red Cross, 1944-1945
Box/Folder 1 : 10
Baltic American Delegation (Constantine R. Jurgela), 1944.
Note
See also Lithuanian American Information Center
Box/Folder 1 : 12
Brynes, James F., 1945-1946
Box/Folder 1 : 15
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (Nicholas M. Butler, Malcolm W. Davis, James T. Shotwell), 1943
Box/Folder 1 : 16
Chicago Latvian Club (John Skudris), 1945
Box/Folder 1 : 17
Cicognani, A. G., 1941-1945
Box/Folder 1 : 20
Encyclopedia Britannica (E. H. Powell), 1942
Box/Folder 1 : 21
Estonia. Saatkond voi esindus (United States), 1941-1946
Box/Folder 1 : 22
Feldmans, Jules, 1945-1946
Box/Folder 1 : 28
Hermanson, Richard, 1941-1945
Box/Folder 1 : 29
Hollyday, Worthington, 1943
Box/Folder 1 : 35
Latvian Central Committee (Latviesu Centrala Komiteja), 1946
Box/Folder 1 : 36
Latvian Refugee Committee, 1945
Box/Folder 1 : 40
Lithuania. Legacija (United States), 1941-1946
Box/Folder 1 : 41
Lithuanian American Information Center (Constantine R. Jurgela), 1945-1948
Box/Folder 1 : 45
Overseas News Agency (Jacob Landau), 1943
Box/Folder 1 : 46
Peterson, R. J., 1942-1945
Box/Folder 1 : 50
Sulzberger, Arthur Hays, 1942-1946.
Scope and Content Note
Includes correspondence relating to coverage of Latvia by
The New York Times
Box/Folder 1 : 51
Svensk-Lettiska Hjälpkommittén (Kārlis Lasmanis, Harry Wallin), 1945.
Note
See also correspondence with Kārlis Lasmanis
Box/Folder 1 : 52
Thomsen, Hans, 1941.
Scope and Content Note
Relates to the declaration by Bilmanis of the existence of a state of war between Germany and Latvia, subsequent to the German
invasion of the Soviet Union, and includes a copy of a supporting letter to Secretary of State Cordell Hull
Box/Folder 1 : 54
Valters, Miķelis, 1943-1945.
Scope and Content Note
Includes materials relating to displaced persons' camps in Germany
Box/Folder 1 : 57
Zarinš, Kārlis (Charles Zarine), 1940-1946.
Scope and Content Note
Includes materials sent to, and prepared by, Zarinš in his capacity as head of the Latvian Legation in London
Box 2
Speeches and Writings, 1941-1948.
Scope and Content Note
Aide-mémoires, articles, book, letters to the editor, and reports, arranged chronologically by title
Box/Folder 2 : 1
"Latvia and Other Baltic States Were Paying Propositions," n.d.
Scope and Content Note
Typescript
Box/Folder 2 : 2
"The Latvians and Latvia," n.d.
Scope and Content Note
Typescript
Box/Folder 2 : 3
Press statement on parliamentary elections in Latvia, 1940 July 13.
Scope and Content Note
Typescript
Box/Folder 2 : 4
"Latvia: A Victim of Unprovoked Aggression by Soviet Russia,"
New York Times, 1940 July 23.
Scope and Content Note
Printed copy
Box/Folder 2 : 5
Statement made to Secretary of State, Washington, D.C., 1941 June 25.
Scope and Content Note
Printed copy
Box/Folder 2 : 6
"Swastikas on the Latvian Airplanes," letter to the editor,
PM, 1941 August 12.
Scope and Content Note
Typescript
Box/Folder 2 : 7
Latvia and Her Baltic Neighbors: Three Stars between the Anvil and Hammer, Washington, D.C., 1942.
Scope and Content Note
Printed copy
Box/Folder 2 : 8
Aide-mémoire, 1942 February 24.
Scope and Content Note
Typescript
Box/Folder 2 : 9
"Latvians are Not 'Bolshevik Brothers'," letter to the editor,
Evening Star, 1942 May 3.
Scope and Content Note
Typescript text and cover letter
Box/Folder 2 : 10
"Latvians Declared Never Hostile to Jews,"
New York World-Telegram, 1942 June 9.
Scope and Content Note
Typescripts of telegram and Bilmanis's text, and printed copy of article to which he was responding
Box/Folder 2 : 11
"General-Directorate Imposed on Latvia by Nazi-Germans – Illegal, Null and Void and Violates Sovereign Rights of Latvia,"
1942 July 28.
Scope and Content Note
Printed copy of press statement
Box/Folder 2 : 12
Press statement, 1942 November 13.
Scope and Content Note
Typescript
Box/Folder 2 : 13
The Baltic States and the Freedom of the Baltic Sea, Washington, D.C., 1943.
Scope and Content Note
Printed copy
Box/Folder 2 : 14
"Baltic States' Second Occupation during this War," in
Latvia under German Occupation, Washington, D.C., 1943.
Scope and Content Note
Printed copy
Box/Folder 2 : 15
Letter to the editor,
Evening and Sunday Star, 1943 January 10.
Scope and Content Note
Typescript of Bilmanis's text, and printed copy of article to which he was responding
Box/Folder 2 : 16
Letter to the editor,
Christian Science Monitor, 1943 February 23.
Scope and Content Note
Typescript
Box/Folder 2 : 17
Letter to the editor,
PM, 1943 March 3.
Scope and Content Note
Typescript letter and reply from John P. Lewis
Box/Folder 2 : 18
Letter to the editor,
Life, 1943 April 10.
Scope and Content Note
Printed copy and typescript copy of additional letter by the Polish ambassador, Jan Ciechanowski
Box/Folder 2 : 19
Speech, Polish Constitution Day, Washington Irving High School, New York City, 1943 May 2.
Scope and Content Note
Typescript
Box/Folder 2 : 20
Letter to the editor,
Christian Science Monitor, 1943 October 26.
Scope and Content Note
Typescript
Box/Folder 2 : 21
Letter to the editor,
Washington Post, 1943 October 29.
Scope and Content Note
Typescript and printed copy
Box/Folder 2 : 22
Letter to the editor,
New York Post, 1943 November 19.
Scope and Content Note
Typescript
Box/Folder 2 : 23
"The Foreign Policy of Russia," speech, 1944 March 21.
Scope and Content Note
Typescript
Box/Folder 2 : 24
"Latvian Minister Says His People Want Atlantic Charter Freedom,"
Evening Star, 1944 October 17.
Scope and Content Note
Printed copy
Box/Folder 2 : 25
"Baltic States Stand Firm,"
New York Herald Tribune, 1945 January 28.
Scope and Content Note
Printed copy
Box/Folder 2 : 26
"Latvian History,"
Washington Post, 1945 March 11.
Scope and Content Note
Printed copy
Box/Folder 2 : 27
Latvia as an Independent State, Washington, D.C., 1947.
Scope and Content Note
Printed copy of review by Edgars Andersons in
Sauksme, no. 11/12, 1947. Folder contains entire serial issue
Box/Folder 2 : 28
Latvia: Country and People, Washington, D.C., 1948.
Scope and Content Note
Printed copy
box 3
Latvian Legation Office File, 1934-1946.
Scope and Content Note
Aide-mémoires, lists, and memoranda and reports, arranged alphabetically by physical form
Box/Folder 3 : 1
Aide-mémoires, 1941-1944.
Scope and Content Note
Includes materials pertaining to the Latvian Legations in Washington and London, and whose authorship is uncertain. Typescripts
Box/Folder 3 : 2
Latvian place names, 1934
Box/Folder 3 : 3
Latvian refugees and missing persons, 1940-1946.
Scope and Content Note
Includes names of Latvians in Brazil, Canada, China, and the United States
Box/Folder 3 : 4
Latvian officials deported into the Soviet gulag, 1941
Box/Folder 3 : 5
Latvian diplomats abroad, 1946
Memoranda and reports, 1935-1944
About Latvia and the Baltic states
Box/Folder 3 : 7-8
General, 1935-1944.
Scope and Content Note
Unattributed writings; may include some authored by Alfreds Bilmanis
Written by L. Elkis for the Latvian Legation, Washington, D.C.
Box/Folder 3 : 9
Latvia: Economic Resources and Capacities, Washington, D.C., 1942.
Scope and Content Note
Printed copy
Box/Folder 3 : 10
"Russian Bolshevistic Atrocities in Latvia," 1943 April.
Scope and Content Note
Typescript
box 3-4
Subject File, 1920-1948.
Scope and Content Note
Clippings, correspondence, pamphlets, reports, and serial issues, arranged alphabetically by subject
Box/Folder 3 : 11
Baltic States--Politics and government, 1940-1945.
Note
See separate headings for each country for more materials regarding individual histories.
Scope and Content Note
Includes photocopy of secret instructions, in Russian, to Soviet security agents regarding the arrest of "anti-Soviet elements"
in Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia
Box/Folder 3 : 12
Estonia--Politics and government, 1940-1991
Box/Folder 3 : 13
Economic conditions, 1945
Box/Folder 3 : 17
Latvian Social Democratic Workers Party, 1944
Box/Folder 3 : 18
Latvijas Centrala Padome (Latvian Central Council), 1944-1945.
Scope and Content Note
Materials pertaining to underground resistance in Latvia during World War II, and to the activities of this organization,
based in Sweden
Box/Folder 4 : 1
League of Nations, 1920-1939.
Scope and Content Note
Copies of published proceedings concerning the three Baltic States, and copies of various international treaties to which
they were signatories, as recorded by the League of Nations
Box/Folder 4 : 2
Lithuania--Politics and government, 1940-1991.
Scope and Content Note
Includes copies of instructions to Soviet security forces, in Lithuanian and in English translation, regarding the handling
of "anti-Soviet elements" in Lithuania
Box/Folder 4 : 3
Merchant ships--Latvia, 1942.
Scope and Content Note
Includes materials relating to the sinking of Latvian cargo ships during World War II, and to postwar litigation concerning
the Soviet nationalization of the Latvian Shipping Company
Box/Folder 4 : 4
Germany (West), 1945-1948.
Scope and Content Note
Materials relating to refugees from the three Baltic States, primarily those from Latvia, living in displaced person camps
in occupied Germany following the Second World War
Box/Folder 4 : 5
Sweden, 1945-1946.
Scope and Content Note
Materials pertaining to the situation of Latvian refugees after World War II, especially those subject to repatriation to
the Soviet Union in 1945, and to protests concerning such relocation
Box/Folder 4 : 6
Soviet Union--Politics and government, 1942-1943
box 4-8 and 10
Printed Matter, 1944-1948.
Scope and Content Note
Clippings, pamphlets, and serial issues, arranged alphabetically by physical form and therein by title
Box 5
Latvian serial issues.
Scope and Content Note
Most titles originating from Germany or Austria represent the publishing efforts of Latvian refugees in displaced person camps
Box/Folder 5 : 1
Atbalss (Canada), no. 2, 1948 June 30
Box/Folder 5 : 2
Atbalss (Germany), 1948 January-June
Box/Folder 5 : 3
Auseklis (Germany), no. 171, 1947 December 13
Box/Folder 5 : 4
Baltiešu Ziņas Austrija (Austria), nos. 95, 119, 120, 121, 122, 132, 134, 1947-1948
Box/Folder 5 : 5
Ceļs (Germany), no. 7/8, 1947
Box/Folder 5 : 6
Cī"ņa (Latvia), nos. 243, 253, 258, 279, 281, 290, 305, 1947; no. 4, 1948
Box/Folder 5 : 7
Dienas Zi"ņas (Germany), nos. 8 (incomplete), 44, 45, 72, 77, 84, 100, 101, 103, 1946; nos. 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 1947
Box/Folder 5 : 8
Dzimtene (United States), 1940 October
Box/Folder 5 : 9
Dzimtenes balss (Sweden), nos. 7-8, 1946; nos. 2-4, 6, 1947; nos. 2-3, 1948
Box/Folder 5 : 10
Gana balss (Sweden), nos. 1-5, 1945; nos. 4-7, 1946; nos. 1-7, 1947; nos. 1-2, 1948
Box/Folder 5 : 11
Ilustrētas Vārds (Germany), nos. 16-18, 1947; no. 26, 1948.
Scope and Content Note
Includes some articles in English
Box/Folder 5 : 12
Jaunadze (Germany), nos. 68-72, 1947
Box/Folder 5 : 13
Labietis (Sweden), nos. 1-2, 1946
Box/Folder 5 : 14
Lapa (Germany), nos. 6-8, 1947
Box/Folder 6 : 1
Latgola (Germany), nos. 34, 37-40, 1947; nos. 57-59, 61-62, 75-77, 1948
Box/Folder 6 : 2
Latviešu studentu centrālās savienības biļetēns (Germany), no. 1, 1948
Box/Folder 6 : 3
Latviešu Ziņas (Germany), nos. 90, 93, 95-97, 1947; 1, 4, 9-10, 12-17, 43-44, 1948
Box/Folder 6 : 4
Latvija (Argentina), nos. 123-124, 1947
Box/Folder 6 : 5
Latvija (Camp Churchill, Germany), nos. 325-328, 335-336, 1947; nos. 337-340, 1948
Box/Folder 6 : 6
Latvija (Günzburg/Donau, Germany), no. 79, 1947; nos. 7, 10-14, 42-45, 1948
Box/Folder 6 : 7
Latvju Vārds (Sweden), nos. 13-21, 1948
Box/Folder 6 : 8
Latvju Zinas (Sweden), nos. 14-21, 46, 48-51, 1948.
Note
See also OVERSIZE MATERIALS
Box/Folder 6 : 9
LCK Informācija Biļetens (Germany), no. 6, 1948
Box/Folder 6 : 10
Londonas Avīze (Great Britain), nos. 37, 40, 42, 1945; nos. 93-95, 110, 1948
Box/Folder 6 : 11
Londonas Latviešu Vestnesis (Great Britain), nos. 49-52, 68, 1948
Box/Folder 6 : 12
Meža Vēstis (Germany), nos. 8 and 12, 1948
Box/Folder 6 : 13
Pax Romana (Germany?), nos. 6-8, n.d.
Box/Folder 7 : 1
Sauksme (Germany), nos. 1-4, 9/10, 1947
Box/Folder 7 : 2
Svētdienas Zi"ņas (Germany), nos. 56-60, 73-74, 1948
Box/Folder 7 : 3
Tāvu zemes calendars (Germany), 1948
Box/Folder 7 : 4
Tēvzeme (Germany), no. 80, 1947; nos. 6, 7-8, 10-11, 13-15, 18, 43-45, 1948
Box/Folder 7 : 5
Tiesībniks (Germany), nos. 1 and 3, 1947
Box/Folder 7 : 6
Valkas Ziņas (Germany), nos. 2-3, 6-17, 42-45, 1948
Box/Folder 7 : 7
Vēstnesis (Germany?), nos. 1-2, 1945
Box/Folder 7 : 8
Ziņas (Germany), nos. 156-167, 203-209, 1948
Box/Folder 7 : 9
Latvian miscellany. Fragments of bulletins, largely from DP camps in Germany, 1945-1948.
Scope and Content Note
Includes one newssheet from Sweden
Box 8
Publications in languages other than Latvian
Box/Folder 8 : 2
Baltic Review, no. 1, v. 2, 1947
Box/Folder 8 : 4
Oras, Ants,
Deportations in Estonia, n.d.
Box/Folder 8 : 5
Im Ausland, nos. 2, 4, 22, 1948
Box/Folder 8 : 6
Izvestia, 1947 October 15
Box/Folder 8 : 7
K. Silinis: Paintings, Frankfurt am Main, 1947
Box/Folder 8 : 8
La Lettonie et les autres états baltes dans la politique internationale, 1946 August 10
Box/Folder 8 : 9
Lithuanian Bulletin, no. 12, 1947; nos.1/2, 1948
Box/Folder 8 : 10
Svensk Tidskrift, v. XXXIV, 1947
box 9-10 and map case
Oversize Materials, 1919-1947.
Scope and Content Note
Clipping, correspondence, diary, maps, photograph, and serial issues, arranged by size
Box/Folder 9 : 1
Clipping and photograph relating to the sinking of Latvian cargo ships, 1942 February 2
Box/Folder 9 : 2-4
Serial issues,
Latvju Ziņas (Sweden), nos. 1-65, 1945; nos. 1-99, 1946; nos. 1-100, 1947
Box/Folder 10 : 1
War diary kept by Kārlis Birkaivs during a military campaign in Kurzeme, Latvia, 1919.
Scope and Content Note
Includes letters and telegrams, relating to this diary, 1919-1947
Box/Folder 10 : 2-3
Maps, drawn by Kārlis Birkaivs, showing telegraph lines used by the Latvian army in Kurzeme, 1919
Container Map case
Four maps, drawn by Kārlis Birkaivs, showing telegraph lines used by the Latvian army in Kurzeme, 1919
