INVENTORY OF THE GRIPSHOLM EXCHANGES,
1941- 2007
Finding aid prepared by Veronica D'Aquino
California State University, Dominguez Hills
Archives & Special Collections
University Library, Room G-145
1000 E. Victoria Street
Carson, California 90747
Phone: (310) 243-3895
URL: http://www.csudh.edu/archives/csudh/index.html
©2008
Descriptive Summary
Title: The Gripsholm Exchanges (Manuscript). Memoir by Atushi Archi Miyamoto
Dates: 1941- 2007
Collection Number: "Consult repository."
Creator:
Miyamoto, Atushi Archi
Extent:
1 box,
[0.5 linear feet]
Repository: California State University, Dominguez Hills
Archives and Special Collections
Archives & Special Collection
University Library, Room G-145
1000 E. Victoria Street
Carson, California 90747
Phone: (310) 243-3013
URL: http://www.csudh.edu/archives/csudh/index.html
Abstract:
Manuscript/memoir of Atushi Archi Miyamoto on the diplomatic exchanges between the United States and Japan
(1942-1943) known as The Gripsholm Exchanges. This document reflects upon and shares personal hardships
experienced by detainees during World War II.
Language: Collection material is in English
Administration Information
Access
There are no access restrictions on this collection.
Publication Rights
All requests for permission to publish or quote from manuscripts must be submitted in writing to the Director of Archives
and Special Collections. Permission for publication is given on behalf of Special Collections as the owner of the physical
materials and not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained.
Preferred Citation
[Title of item], The Gripsholm Exchanges (Manuscript). Memoir by Atushi Archi Miyamoto, Courtesy of the Department of Archives
and Special Collections. University Library. California State University, Dominguez Hills California State University, Dominguez
Hills.
Acquisition Information
The materials were donated to the California State University Archives at California State University, Dominguez Hills by
Atushi Archie Miyamoto in February 2007.
Processing Information
Collection processed by Veronica D’Aquino, 2008.
History or Biography
Manuscript. Atushi Archie Miyamoto memoir entitled
The Gripsholm Exchanges: a short concise report on the
exchanges of the hostages during WWII between the United States and Japan as it relates to Japanese Americans.
These hostage exchanges took place between July 1942 and August 1943 in Lourenço Marques, Mozambique and Mormugao,
India respectively. The author was a child passenger of the second exchange aboard the Swedish liner S.S. Gripsholm
which was used as repatriation ship between the warfaring nations. Mr. Miyamoto returned to the United States
as a teenager in 1948 and served as a lieutenant colonel in the US army until his retirement.
Scope and Content
The collection consists of two unpublished manuscripts written in October 2006, one of which is the revised version.
The manuscript reviews the diplomatic negotiations which started in December 1941 and includes the accounts of two voyages,
their stops enroute to their final destinations, and the hardships families experienced while painting a vivid picture of
the detainees’ experience.
The author also dispels common misconceptions that depict the exchange as exclusively one of prisoners of wars or one including
Japanese American
internees from the Tule Lake internment camp in California rather than the actual detainees which were mostly diplomats.
This manuscript is based
on the analyses of post war Japanese resources, the Gripsholm passengers’ lists, United States redress provisions for persons
of Japanese ancestry,
redress appeals, and personal testimonials of Japanese detainees, many of which are included as appendixes.
Indexing Terms
Subjects
World War, 1939-1945—Diplomatic history
World War, 1939-1945—Japanese Americans
Japanese Americans—Evacuation and relocation, 1942-1945—History—Sources
Japanese Americans—Evacuation and relocation, 1942-1945—Anecdotes
Reparations for historical injustices
Personal Names
Miyamoto, Atushi Archi
Corporate Names
Gripsholm (Ship)
Tule Lake Relocation Center
Geographic Terms
Japan
United States
Lourenço Marques (Mozambique)
Marmagao (India)
Manuscript Collection
Manuscripts.
The Gripsholm Exchanges,
[1941- 2007]
Physical Description: 1 box, [2 volumes]
Scope and Content Note
Two versions of
The Gripsholm Exchanges: a short concise report on the exchanges
of the hostages during WWII between the United States and Japan as it relates to Japanese Americans.
Manuscript 1.
The Gripsholm Exchanges: first edition,
1941-2007
Physical Description: 1 volume
Scope and Content Note
The first manuscript describes the nature of the Gripsholm exchanges as a means for ensuring the return of
diplomatic personnel between the United States and Japan as first priority. Additionally, it includes an account of the
diplomatic negotiations; the two exchanges of personnel; and sections on redress for minors, for the exchange of passengers
from Latin
America, and for those who disembarked in Singapore. Appendixes contain: passenger lists of both exchanges as well
as governmental redress documentation.
Manuscript 2.
The Gripsholm Exchanges: first edition,
1941-2007
Physical Description: 1 volume
Scope and Content Note
New documentation updating the manuscript has been attached to volume 2. Additional evidence
regarding redress for those who disembarked at Singapore has been added to Appendix D. Likewise, a new appendix
containing a compilation of five detainees' testimonials, one of which is Atushi Archie Miyamoto's personal accounts,
has been included.
